“Surgical procedures that render patients acutely aphonic can cause them to experience significant anxiety and distress. Participants in this study included hospitalized patients who
acutely lost the ability to speak due to tracheostomy or total laryngectomy. Acute loss of phonation arising from surgery can be highly distressing for patients, and use of augmentative technology may alleviate some of these challenges by improving communication.”

Haring, C., Farlow, J., Leginza, M., Vance, K., Blakely, A., Lyden, T., . . . Casper, K. (2021). Effect of Augmentative Technology on Communication and Quality of Life After Tracheostomy or Total Laryngectomy. Otolaryngology–head and Neck Surgery., 019459982110137.
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Happ, M., Sereika, S., Houze, M., Seaman, J., Tate, J., Nilsen, M., . . . Barnato, A. (n.d.). Quality of care and resource use among mechanically ventilated patients before and after an intervention to assist nurse-nonvocal patient communication. Heart & Lung., 44(5), 408-415.e2.
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Johnson, E., Heyns, T., & Nilsson, S. (2021224). Nurses’ perspectives on alternative communication strategies use in critical care units. Nursing in Critical Care., Nursing in critical care. , 2021.
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Wong, A. I., Cheung, P. C., Happ, M. B., Gay, P. C., & Collop, N. A. (2020). Consequences and Solutions for the Impact of Communication Impairment on Noninvasive Ventilation Therapy for Acute Respiratory Failure: A Focused Review. Critical care explorations, 2(6), e0121.

Santiago, R., Howard, M., Dombrowski, N., Watters, K., Volk, M., Nuss, R., . . . Rahbar, R. (2020). Preoperative augmentative and alternative communication enhancement in pediatric tracheostomy. The Laryngoscope., 130(7), 1817-1822.
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Happ, M. (2021). Giving Voice: Nurse-Patient Communication in the Intensive Care Unit. American Journal of Critical Care., 30(4), 256-265.
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