“Measurement of blood pressure changes associated with postural change is a common parameter used in a select group of ED patients as an adjunct in the assessment of volume status, hemodynamic stability, and medication toxicity. Orthostatic hypotension has been defined by a consensus statement developed by the American Academy of Neurology and American Autonomic Society as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of > 20 mm Hg or a diastolic drop > 10 mm Hg within 3 min of going from a supine to a standing position” (Guss)

Guss, D. A., Abdelnur, D., & Hemingway, T. J. (2008). The impact of arm position on the measurement of orthostatic blood pressure. The Journal of emergency medicine, 34(4), 377-382.

Phipps, D., Butler, E., Mounsey, A., Dickman, M. M., Bury, D., Smith, A., Bennett, N., Arthur, B., & Marshall, B. (2019). PURL: Best timing for measuring orthostatic vital signs? Journal of Family Practice, 68(9), 512–514.

Gibbon, J. R., & Frith, J. (2020). Orthostatic hypotension: a pragmatic guide to diagnosis and treatment. Drug & Therapeutics Bulletin, 58(11), 166–171.

Carlson, J. E. (1999). Assessment of orthostatic blood pressure: measurement technique and clinical applications. Southern medical journal, 92(2), 167-173.

Casey, C. M., Caulley, J. M., Fox, A. F., & Hodges, M. O. (2020). Improving Primary Care Fall Risk Management: Adoption of Practice Changes After a Geriatric Mini-Fellowship. Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management, 27(6), 270–280.

Mol, A., Nicolle Slangen, L. R., Trappenburg, M. C., Reijnierse, E. M., van Wezel, R. J. A., Meskers, C. G. M., Maier, A. B., & Slangen, L. R. N. (2020). Blood Pressure Drop Rate After Standing Up Is Associated With Frailty and Number of Falls in Geriatric Outpatients. Journal of the American Heart Association, 9(7), 1–8

Mol, A., Bui Hoang, P. T. S., Sharmin, S., Reijnierse, E. M., van Wezel, R. J. A., Meskers, C. G. M., & Maier, A. B. (2019). Orthostatic Hypotension and Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 20(5), 589.